Is it possible / are there skins that are available in the battle pass and later for example. Have come back to the shop (or something else)? Are skins from the battle pass only available once?
Until now only once and I think it will stay that way
They are only available once. They'll never come back. That is because of the Fortnite payment model.
They put you under pressure that you have to buy the skins immediately before it never comes back. They practically take away the time to think about it.
The Battlepass Skins are only available once. Unfortunately, I also missed a few seasons and would like skins and emotes from the previous battle passes, but unfortunately there's currently no option.
I still hope they'll start trading at some point. So that you can swap your Battlepass Skins for example for V Bucks or other Battlepass Skins, something like a system like in Rocket League with confirmation from both people e.g. That wouldn't affect the shop skins and people would get the skins / emotes etc. That they missed and thus they would also sell the account etc. Stop.